GCE Sociology Revision (AQA)- Unit 2 Education- Ethhnic differences in achiev For AQA GCE Sociology Unit 2 Class differences in achievement (1), Educational underachievement external & internal factors. Give 3 examples of the norms of people who experience cultural capital in relation to education. identify, describe and explain various processes within schools affecting educational achievement including, streaming, setting, mixed ability teaching, labelling and the self-fulfilling prophecy. Mac an Ghail (1998) Young, Gifted and Black Mac an Ghail was a teacher in two inner city colleges. Many of the perspectives discuss education in relation to work and the economy, role allocation in Functionalism is about this for example, and the link to class structure is hopefully obviously mainly Marxism. Sociological Perspectives on the Role of Education in Society Summary Grid summary revision grid covering Functionalism, Marxism, The New Right, and Post and Late Modern perspectives on education. However, the increasing independence of women has lead to a more uncertain role for men in British society, leaving many men feeling vulnerable and unsure of their identity in society suffering from a crisis of masculinity. NB should be read in conjunction with the 1988 Education reform Act post. An Overview of the Education System in England and Wales an introduction to the different types of school in England and Wales, the primary, secondary and tertiary stages of education and the main compulsory national exams which make up the education system. The headline fact is that girls do better than boys in almost every subject and nearly every level of education! Evaluating the New Rights perspective on education a medium length post which looks at the long term trend in GCSE results, PISA international league tables, Stephen Balls work and Sue Palmers concept of toxic childhood to evaluate the impact (positive and negative) of marketisation policies on pupils in England and Wales. This is not because those pupils are less intelligent than those that understand them. Arguments for and Against Reintroducing Grammar Schools this was suggested a few years ago now my Theresa May, but Im not sure its on the cards anymore. This means women now have greater opportunity than men in the world of work which makes education more relevant to them than in the 1970s when there was a relative lack of opportunity for women compared to men. This means that idea of getting a career is seen as normal by girls. 2010-2015 The Coalition Governments Education policies summaryrevision notes of the above topic. But this isnt about difficult vocabulary, but about sentences and phrases that use familiar words but in unfamiliar ways. The effects of material deprivation on education material deprivation refers to lacking in money or resources. Nutrition/diet. West Yorkshire, you . Cultural domination = - compensatory education imposes white m/c culture on minorities' own culture (imposed etic). Globalisation and Education a summary of five ways in which globalisation has affected education in the U.K. Education in America an overview of key facts and stats of the American education system. Whereas many pupils were able to see that this was a question they were well-prepared for (evaluating whether or not the prime minister was very powerful) others got into difficulties evaluating whether or not people considered the powers of the prime minister. According to the studies of Gillborn and Yodell (2000 . A much higher proportion of pupils today are Black and Asian and schools have made progress towards making their curriculums more multicultural. Material Deprivation and Ethnicity material deprivation doesnt seem to explain differential achievement by ethnicity. Children from the middle class do better at GCSE, stay longer in full time education and take a majority of . Since 2015 PREVENT policy has required teachers to monitor extremist behaviour in schools to prevent students becoming terrorists. Pupil subcultures detailed class notes on pupil subcultures in school, covering pro and anti-school cultures and Peter Woods work on the range of subcultures in-between these extremes such as retreatist subcultures. AS Sociology - Education - Internal & External Factors Learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. Learn how your comment data is processed. There is an emotional cannibalism allowed upon boys and men who appear weak in some way by parents and teachers even from many girls and women.As girls we are treated much better and enjoy more care from society. According to Sewell, among many black boys, academic success is associated with femininity and success may mark them out for bullying from their peers whereas academic failure is seen as a badge of honour. (1) Chiara Cavaglia, Stephen Machin, Sandra McNally, and Jenifer Ruiz-Valenzuela (2020) Gender, achievement, and subject choice in English education. amount of social capital - Bourdieu - habitus. Labelling and teacher racism 2. - Poor Housing. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. 2) . What he found was that the African Caribbean community experienced the world in very different ways to white people namely because of institutional racism in the college and he argued that any anti-school attitudes were reactions against this racism. Some sociologists believe that working class underachievement is due to factors outside the school. Assemblies having a Christian focus, as well as the school holidays (Easter and Christmas). These revision notes cover the concepts of immediate and deferred gratification, restricted and elaborated speech codes. (3) Francis et Al (2010) The Construction of British-Chinese Educational Success. Do teachers label ethnic minorities today? It is between groups based on ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender identity, physical or mental abilities, and income. Many boys falling behind in school turn their attention to sports and video games to gain measures of love and honor not received in the classroom. Some of the factors include Tory funding cuts to traveller education services, children not feeling as if the school curriculum is relevant to them, and discrimination in schools. Language codes are the different ways people communicate and Bernstein argues that middle-class pupils can switch between casual speech (the restricted code) and the elaborate code that is used in more formal situations. The introduction of the National Curriculum in 1988 has played a key role in gender differences in achievement. Hence because acting White includes doing well at school, acting Black necessarily implies not doing well in school. In School Factors There are various factors which affect attainment in education. Similarly, the New Right determine in order to fulfil such functions, schools should be centred around the consumer and their choices. The second group had not misread the question but they had tried to make sense of it in the restricted code. LS23 6AD When there was a change in educational achievement - where grades increased or dropped between primary and secondary school - we found this was largely explained by those environmental factors . Mirza (992) found that teachers had stereotypically low expectations of black girls and thus didnt push them too hard in lessons and entered them for lower tier exams. There is much less evidence that teachers negatively label black boys today. One example of this is the requirement by OFSTED that schools actively promote cultural diversity, and one visible manifestation of this is Black History Month. Homeschooling in England and Wales Homeschooling is part of the postmodern education landscape but only 1% pupils are homeschooled. Here are some of the factors that may affect a student's academic achievement: The support and availability of the parents, their financial situation and standard of living. -Homelessness - difficult to do any school work. Emile Durkheims view on the role of education in society class notes which take a more in-depth look at Durkheims view on the role of education in society. Ask each group to discuss the list of external factors and agree which factor they believe is the most influential in affecting the . Since no nation can rise above the level of education of her citizens. Something like language codes for instance is really both an out-of-school and in-school factor as it relates both to how people speak at home and in school. Boston House, Also PREVENT doesnt specify that Muslim children should be targeted (rather than say White extremists) but it is Muslims who make up the majority of referrals under PREVENT, suggesting racist labelling is occurring. Teacher labelling and the self fulfilling prophecy detailed class notes covering the definitions of labeling and the self fulfilling prophecy, summaries of David Hargreaves work on typing, Rosenthal and Jacobsons classic field experiment, and C. Rists study of an American Kindergarten which focused on the relationship between social class and labelling, Also includes some evaluations of the labelling theory applied to education. 3. changes in women's employment. Evaluating the role of External Factors in Explaining the Gender Gap in Education-An evaluation post focusing on what the most significant factors are in explaining why girls do better than boys. I imagine there are two reasonsThe false belief in genetics has blinded the researchers to the great social, environmental causes of learning and motivation in academics. By whitelisting SlideShare on your ad-blocker, you are supporting our community of content creators. Selective Education Since Comprehensivisation revision notes on ways in which education has become more selective, including selection by mortgage and covert selection. Another important internal factor is the existence of anti-school subcultures. This suggests that it must be factors internal to the education system itself that play a major part in producing ethnic differences in achievement. education and be less motivated and determined to aim for their educational achievement if they don't immediately see it in . (Kelly, 1987) Before the introduction of this, girls mainly studied subjects that prepared them for the roles . This meant Black-African children were disproportionately represented in lower sets in relation to their ability, which meant they werent pushed as hard and were not entered for higher tiered exam papers which ultimately meant lower GCSE results. Bertrand and Pan (2013) found that boys behavioural problems stem from their home backgrounds: boys behaviour is more strongly influenced by their parents than the behaviour of girls. Shannon stated that social/economic factors were seen as causes of low achievement among students of color and poverty. Covers the entire A-level sociology syllabus, AQA focus. 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Some argue that working-class pupils are likely to be culturally deprived, often because of inadequate socialisation. should: be able to describe the patterns of ethnic differences in educational achievement. Education Policy in England Wales 2015 to 2020 An overview of several polices such as austerity, the Ebacc, progress on Academisation, and the expansion of grammar schools. As result, they fail to develop reasoning and problem-solving skills, leaves them poorly equipped for school. They were thus not punished to the extent that Black British boys were. 02 Social Class & Education (External Factors) Esher Sociology 7.54K subscribers Subscribe Like Share Save 39K views 6 years ago Education The second topic in the Sociology of Education. 6. Boston Spa, 3 external factors affecting working class achievement are.. answer choices. Teacher pupil relationships may explain some of the differences in educational achievement by ethnicity, and since it is teachers who have the power in school, teacher labelling is something we need to consider. Ethnicity - External factors that affect differential educational achievement Cultural Deprivation Intellectual and linguistic skills Children from low-income black families lack intellectual stimulation and enriching experiences - low equipped for school. In order for a business to experience significant growth and success, there are multiple factors, both internal and external which need to be accounted for. Educational performance is measured by standardized tests, diplomas, access to . Best thought of in terms of three sub topics. LS23 6AD This contrasts with internal factors such as labelling or other processes or relationships withinschool. We can use that same freedom of expression to give verbal silent abuse and hollow kindness to our Male peers with impunity. Study notes, videos, interactive activities and more! LS23 6AD more like to be identified with behavioural related special needs, less likely to be identified as gifted and talented, 2.5 children per 10 000 Black Caribbean pupils, 2.4 children per 10 000 mixed Black Caribbean and White pupils. The Male Crisis is growing due to differential treatment from infancy. [] might like to review these revision notes on in-school factors and educational achievement by ethnicity before reading this [], [] 2 Banding and streaming linked to institutional racism, Steve Strand, Gilborn and Youdell, educational []. Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. Cheryan et al. Pupils responses and subcultures 3. Possibly the differential reaction in school does: schools are more likely to react negatively to boys behaving badly than girls being quiet! (2017) summarize much of the literature on STEM gender gaps from psychology, sociology, and education. The important point here is that teachers might be more likely to label working-class pupils (especially working-class boys) negatively and therefore could create low achievement by expecting it. Education Policies in the UK avery brief overview of the Tripartite System, Comprehensives, the 1988 Education Act and New Labours and the Coalition governments policies of 1997 and 2010. describe, compare and contrast a variety of sociological perspectives on these issues (interactionist, functionalist, feminist and Marxist) Evaluate the view that differences in educational achievement by class, gender and ethnicity are the result of in-school processes, All My A Level Sociology Revision Resources, Positivism and Interpretivism in Social Research, The Functionalist Perspective on the Family, The Functionalist Perspective on Crime and Deviance, Environmental problems and sustainable development, Social Action Theory (Interpretivism and Interactionism), Social class, wealth and income inequalities, Why do boys do worse than girls, and vice versa, why do boys and girls choose different subjects, How do different genders/ sexuality experience school differently (gender and identity), 50 short answer exam practice questions and exemplar answers. 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Describe the patterns of ethnic differences in achievement Young, Gifted and Black mac an Ghail ( 1998 Young! 2010-2015 the Coalition Governments education policies summaryrevision notes of the National Curriculum in 1988 has played a key role gender!
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