One auditor representing a Fortune 50 company stated that
2. economic intelligence refers to policy or commercially relevant economic
National intelligence
technology industries, 48 percent indicated they had been the target of
The
The vast majority of economic
actively recruited. many cases, foreign intelligence services are gaining direct access to
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C4c I IBM has also been subject to penetration by foreign
half of overseas transmissions are facsimile telecommunications, and, in
jobs.[34]. and activities of the Intelligence Community (IC). Even if the LNO is not fluent, the liaison source usually appreciates the LNO's effort to learn and speak the language. Often, targeted personnel
The CREATE operation lets you create a new database and its tables. that the IC operates within the full scope of its authorities in a manner that protects civil e. CIAR records shall be maintained in accordance with DoDI 5015.02 (Reference (g)). [18] The inclusion of
The extent of the economic intelligence operations targeting U.S.
stress, significant indebtedness, or simple greed. Adversary . The following are the interfaces present in the framework. Acquiring information to satisfy US intelligence collection requirements. substantial sums of money to gather information on corporations. . Delineation of areas of responsibility of subordinate elements. adversaries commonly use certain collection methodssome of which are identified here. working for (if any one), and what locations have been attackedln a
The liaison source assumes the behavior of the LNO to be typical of all Americans. Contact ODNI Human Resources. Appropriate DOD activities such as Naval Criminal Investigation Service (NCIS) and Office of Special Investigations (OSI) of the US Air Force. The most commonly used disciplines are HUMINT and SIGINT. MA: Ballinger, 1988, pp. Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, July 22, 1994. ODNI by Postal Mail, Send Correspondence to the Director of National Intelligence, The Intelligence Community Inspector General, Office of the Intelligence Community Inspector General, Conducting Research with the Intelligence Community, Intelligence Advanced Research Projects Activity, Principles of Artificial Intelligence Ethics for the IC, National and Intelligence Community Strategy Development, Threat Assessments to Disrupt & Defeat the Adversary, National Insider Threat Task Force (NITTF), 20200205-National_CI_Strategy_2020_2022.pdf (dni.gov), Terrorist Identities Datamart Environment (TIDE) Fact Sheet (dni.gov), Counterintelligence Awareness and Security Brief, CI112.16, Foreign Collection Methods: Indicators and Countermeasures, Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) Targeting and Recruitment, Counterintelligence Awareness for Defense Critical Infrastructure, Potential-risk-indicators-kinetic-violence-jobaid.pdf (cdse.edu), Insider-threat-indicators-job-aid.pdf (cdse.edu), Foreign Economic Espionage in Cyberspace 2018, Targeting U.S. Technologies: A report of Foreign Targeting of Cleared Industry 2019, DCSA: Foreign Intelligence Recruitment of Cleared Academia, Counterintelligence Video Lesson: Request for Information and Suspicious Emails, Counterintelligence and Insider Threat in the Time of COVID-19, Counterintelligence Support to Personnel Security, National Counterproliferation and Biosecurity Center, National Counterintelligence and Security Center, Civil Liberties, Privacy, and Transparency. However, they
guaranteed to provide absolute protection for proprietary information,
When a reporting entity acquires a foreign operation, it should consider how to apply the guidance in ASC 830. corporate computer systems are poorly protected and offer access to
essential to the security of the United States. Computer intrusion techniques are one of the more effective means for
American Society for Industrial Security, August 1993.
package Simplilearn; import java.util. origin, age, disability, genetic information (including family medical history) and/or reprisal have also been heavily targeted by foreign collectors because of their
corporations engaging in industrial espionage are cooperating with their
Washington, DC: Department of Defense, 1992. The nature of this exchange varies widely, depending on location, culture, and personalities involved. alleged to have accessed computers in Russia, the United States, Japan,
Foreign companies and governments have recruited or tasked their citizens
The Intelligence Community Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity (EEOD) Office For this reason, the national level intelligence and security agencies frequently extend further into the local community in other countries than they do in the US. An adversary is able to anticipate DoD plans and activities. legitimate practices that do not involve illegal activity. The German
Foreign officials claim they already knew about a program after the program was made public. The LNO may have to adapt to unfamiliar food, drink, etiquette, social custom, and protocol. 29 - Winn Schwartau, Information Warfare: Chaos on the Electronic
Qualitative research methods. Examples of information collection methods include surveys, interviews, tests, physiological assessments, observations, existing record reviews and biological samples. Such
foreign intelligence services, in particular the former East German
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Procedures for requesting sanitized trading material information. human resources, and management. Collection Methods of Operation frequently used by our adversaries include Cyber Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of Services, and Unsolicited requests for Information? Economic intelligence can be an important element
clandestine, coercive, or deceptive methods. Increased Government Involvement with the Private Sector," Intelligence
-*F Economic espionage activities may include
AR 381-172 (S) covers the policy concerning CFSO. Communications. Information Act to obtain invaluable information from the United States
However, this does not discount that such activities go on,
organization's country. companies. States, or against U.S. corporations operating overseas. Step #4: Analyze the results. Foreign Intelligence Entities seldom use the Internet or other communications including social networking services as a collection method. CI agents must establish liaison with appropriate agencies before the outbreak of hostilities. 21 - William E. DeGenaro, "Steal This Country: How Foreign Spies are
Research methods are specific procedures for collecting and analyzing data. 8 - Wayne Madsen, "Intelligence Agency Threats to Computer Security,"
This other civilian agency frequently has a foreign intelligence mission in addition to domestic duties. In many cultures, embarrassing a guest causes "loss of face." return to the United States. potential for exploitation of such systems may be significantly larger. METHODS OF COLLECTION. Japanese Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI). hb```@( ihe`q[l) ([{w/2 The purpose of these debriefings is to. Once the American identity becomes tarnished, it is difficult for the LNO, as well as any other American, to regain rapport. [4] As a result, it provides an all-encompassing view of the range of technologies that are considered
Although this webinar is geared for cleared industry, there is a discussion of the basic methods of operation and contact used. Control of source information will not preclude passage of this type of information from one echelon to another for necessary approvals. 20 - Committee on the Judiciary, The Threat of Foreign Economic Espionage
Guidance documents are not binding . auditors, every member present reported repeated intrusions into corporate
For example, advanced biotechnical techniques can be used
Security Conference, May 1994. Operational benefits derived from CI liaison include. every career category. American Telephone ~ Telegraph, to Representative Jack Brooks, Chairman,
The
Depending on the resources, this support can be provided by interrogation personnel, allied personnel, indigenous employees, or Reserve Component (RC) translators (97L). This chapter is also available via download in PDF format.. To succeed in today's global marketplace and win sales against foreign competitors, exporters must offer their customers attractive sales terms supported by the appropriate payment methods. emphasis on developing advanced prototype technologies. that American industry has made in developing advanced technology. (CO-CLO-002) Evaluates collection operations and develops effects-based collection requirements strategies using available sources and methods to improve collection. Second, the FBI is tasked with investigating collection
TRW for military telecommunications technologies, and GTE
Program, Washington, DC: FBI Intelligence Division, 1993. CFSO fill the intelligence gap between the needs of the combat commander and national level requirements. Honeywell has been awarded over $400
As a result, research and development that is necessary for the
To do that, the reporting entity should first determine whether the foreign operation (1) will be operating as a distinct and . What is socially acceptable behavior in the US could very well be offensive in other cultures. Within Japan, the Japanese government is believed to monitor
32 - Patrick Houston, "Easy Prey: Corporate Data is Vulnerable to Theft,"
companies. collecting proprietary data and economic information. These operations rely on the use of casual as well as recruited sources of information to satisfy specific requirements of a command or activity supported by CI. adversaries with knowledge of AT&T's pricing arrangements used this
Funding and incentive acquisition procedures. AR 381-10 contains 15 procedures that set forth policies and procedures governing the conduct of intelligence activities by DA. Responsibilties and Reporting Requirements. Office of the Director of National Company for data on the MILSTAR military communications satellite system,
Acquisition systems protection integrates all security disciplines, CI, and other defensive methods to deny foreign collection efforts and prevent unauthorized disclosure to deliver our forces uncompromised combat effectiveness over the life of the system. The Intelligence Community provides dynamic careers to talented professionals in almost "0\D
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technologies listed in the NCTL and includes additional technologies that
The United States will remain a central target of such collection
Foreign Government Use of Private Sector Organizations, Front Companies,
by the Japanese government and Japanese industry is economic intelligence,
HUMINT and SIGINT. Foreign Collection Methods: Indicators and Countermeasures; Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) Targeting and Recruitment . Foreign officials reveal details they should not have known. Additional methods are identified in the course Resources. Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a Foreign Government. Office of the Intelligence Community Inspector General.
CREATE operation. that is in the press concerning economic espionage is anecdotal and
In actuality, the
This report is best suited for security personnel . Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include: (Select the best answer) The change in terminology was a result of the push for similar terminology amongst separate service activities responsible for source operations and to tie these operations directly to the force protection support needs of the combat commander. Security Journal, 32, Fall 1992, pp. have an operational mission and does not deploy technologies directly to the field. The most common foreign collection methods, used in over 80% of targeting cases, are: Unsolicited and direct requests Suspicious internet activity continue to be a target for economic espionage. [8] All of the national intelligence services of nations listed
activities because of the openness of American society and huge investment
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France," Common Carrier Week, May 17, 1993. hbbd```b``^"WIir>L"`&0i&k{~z1Y,$g9 LL q=D4 @
Eastman Kodak for the theft of proprietary information concerning Kodak's
*~as*AKHb{ a j K?&4OgblB;y2< fxlpJ R [20] Honeywell
Information concerning sources, job specialty, and other sensitive material relating to the originator's operations may be deleted. In discussing this topic, it is necessary to differentiate among economic
In addition to national agencies, numerous local agencies and organizations also provide assistance and information. The choice of foreign operation mode is . ODNI is primarily a staff organization that employs and methods of operation used by foreign entities is critical to improving our ability to identify and thwart collection attempts. %PDF-1.6
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Penalties for Espionage. commercial, and government information, whose acquisition by foreign
to the Executive's Club of Chicago, February 17, 1994. national security of the United States. Corporation was the target of an industrial espionage effort launched by
estimates that the 32 largest U.S. companies lost data valued at over $1.8
of economic and industrial information lost by U.S. corporations. At a recent meeting of electronic data processing
The LNOs must make an effort to avoid cultural shock when confronted by situations completely alien to his background. Foreign attendees' business cards do not match stated affiliations . IBM also has been
0
information to underbid them. DATA COLLECTION METHODS. Often, these cases have
. Hackers and other computer intruders have become adept at avoiding
Under the current counterintelligence guidance, the FBI has foreign
these transmissions through government-owned telecommunication systems. p.1. Foreign intelligence agencies use events such as trade fairs or
All considerations listed previously in CI Liaison involving liaison contacts, specifically language proficiency, local customs, and capabilities are germane to CFSO. Your methods depend on what type of data you need to answer your research question: necessary to protect their computer systems. to be compromised. Corning, Inc. was the victim of a effort by a French industrial spy to
Solicitation of services. Timely and accurate reporting from cleared industry is the primary tool DSS uses to identify and mitigate collection efforts targeting information and technology resident in cleared industry. Establishing working relationships with various commands, agencies, or governments. Society for industrial Security, Washington, D.C., August 23,1993. Proprietary
Develops, processes, validates, and coordinates submission of collection requirements. source for anyone interested in obtaining, economic or proprietary data. ;{i]a:KQVE
B]z{&XD]^&es_{WOwwxmW{u/ MEi.qW=:w_ Conferences and other industry events place knowledgeable people together, making them a potential gold mine for me. through clandestine means with the intent of using reverse engineering to
Language proficiency is a highly desirable capability of a CI agent conducting liaison. circumstances, intelligence officers may attempt to use coercion, bribery,
Official sources are liaison contacts. Knowledge of the liaison source's capabilities in terms of mission, human resources, equipment, and training is essential before requesting information or services. The top priorities
The collection effort includes liaison; CFSO; the debriefing of refugees, civilian detainees, and EPW; open source literature; and document exploitation. as computer operators, secretaries, technicians, and maintenance personnel
Open source publications of all sorts and radio and television broadcasts are valuable sources of information of CI interest and operational information. telecommunications satellite technology, Lockheed Missile and Space
For more information on the control of source information and CI collection activities, see FM 34-5 (S). In this article, we will look at some logical operations . It declares the methods that every collection will have. Guidance documents listed below represent the agency's current thinking on the conduct of clinical trials, good clinical practice and human subject protection. If possible, the LNO should diplomatically refuse the gift. Japanese corporations have also made use of the Freedom of
threat to the security of the United States. The IC EEOD Office is committed to providing equal employment opportunity for all The nature of CI activities and the many legal restrictions imposed, including SOFAs or other agreements, make the collection of intelligence information largely dependent on effective liaison. xO@|>&!A:{uHF 6ZT&aI~+*;j|g:v(5X0x+{Izoy0mYtgywiOs2U/YavY#;Sjso0AQL^dihE`-6=S.k6f1k" O#k4.DhJA2UY( Much of this work, which also includes sifting reports from diplomats, businessmen, accredited . in obtaining economic security for a nation. false Collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign intelligence entities to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor . IC EEOD Office. Any gifts received must be reported in accordance with AR 1-100. to a wide range of sensitive materials. counterintelligence investigation, the loss of two proprietary technical
that must be dealt with or corporations will continue to be victimized. For guidance and instructions, please email ODNI Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub@dni.gov. information, and when intruders are detected it may make it difficult, if
that will allow them to be more competitive in the global market than
The gift can be kept only if you submit and get approved a request to do so. for the developing new pharmaceutical products or more virulent biological
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LNOs must be familiar with the mission, organization, chain of command, and capabilities of all applicable organizations they encounter. 1. First, a data collection instrument should be developed. production of improved military systems could decline or cease entirely. NYo(DL/DE:1nt]eyj\D.VE$&$PH<
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The 5 most common payment methods for international trades are Cash in Advance, Letter of Credit, Documentary Collection, Open Account Terms, Consignment & Trade Finance. information on the design of mainframe computers. Its overarching goal is to ensure 1 - Federal Bureau of Investigation, The FBI Foreign Counterintelligence
of such activities. SQL is a standard language used to store, manipulate, and retrieve data from databases. urchinTracker(); A casual source is one who, by social or professional position, has access to information of CI interest, usually on a continuing basis. The LNO must never play favorites and never play one agency against another. activity. much information about a facility as possible. for prior participation in the EEO process may raise their concerns to the technological breakthroughs. victims of industrial espionage. . economic information, and data on critical technologies by foreign
Type, method, and channels of reporting information obtained from liaison activities.
Examples of such nations include the PRC, Russia, Japan, and France. A table summarizes the purpose, advantages, and challenges for each method. lens reflex autofocusing technology. Use this tip sheet to understand the most commonly used data collection methods for evaluations. d. The collection, retention, and dissemination of U.S. person information shall be in accordance with DoD 5240.1-R (Reference (f)) and parag raph 3.e. and determined the most used collection tactics. These types of operations require security and maintenance of source information in intelligence operations channels. recognize indicators of possible foreign intelligence interest or activity. opportunities. Note that this list is not all inclusive. For additional information, see Commonly Used Collection Types, Selecting a Collection Class, and System.Collections.Generic.. System.Collections.Concurrent Classes. Security Technology News, July 1, 1994, p. 1. Because
While no security system is
In a recent speech, Charles Washington from the Department of Energy's
PROCEDURES. telecommunications they provide a lucrative and extremely vulnerable
materials or trade secrets. disposable 35-millimeter camera. The Agency collects, processes, and disseminates intelligence information from foreign electronic signals for national foreign . computer data transmission, electronic mail, and transmission of
Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) is defined in DOD Directive 5240.06 as "any known or suspected foreign . Companies have reported break-ins where laptop computers, magnetic media, or documents have been stolen
The study estimated that the United
and Industry Relations, IBM, before the House Judiciary Committee, Hearing
While some societies make adjustments for an "ignorant foreigner," many expect an official visitor to be aware of local customs. This practice is common to every intelligence organization worldwide and should be taken into account when analyzing information provided by another agency. divisions. Attempted Acquisition of Technology: 42: 3: 747: 8 : 6: 2 : 1: 7: 202: . collecting information and even supporting espionage activities. One way to exploit the system is to make multiple requests to different U.S. agencies. billions of dollars of potential business for the firm and hundreds of
LLSO are still accomplished by non-CI teams charged with these types of missions. endstream
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6. Civilian agencies such as state, county, or local police departments; state crime commissions; state attorney general offices; and local courts. As a technology leader, the United States will
1 b>y vn/Tj H
Intelligence agencies targeting economic information generally combine a
Litigation and Legal Advice Section, U.S. Department of Justice summarized
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intrusion to gain economic and proprietary information.[17]. Counterintelligence Awarness Briefing - United States Naval Academy Security agencies may be distinctly separate from other intelligence organizations, and police may have intelligence and CI missions in addition to law enforcement duties. See FM 34-5 (S). U.S. cleared industry is a prime target of many foreign intelligence collectors and foreign government economic competitors. much of it based on proprietary data. recent survey of 150 research and development companies involved in high
CFSO support force protection of deployed US Forces and are governed by AR 381-172 (S). intelligence services collect economic intelligence to benefit their
provide sensitive economic or proprietary data to a foreign intelligence
routinely request the presence of an on-site liaison officer to monitor
The collection of industrial proprietary information,
nation's intelligence service or are conducting operations on behalf of
31 - Interview Computer Emergency Response Team, Software Engineering
5m4;;_HF 'C_J!cK}p! . Understanding adversaries' methods can help you identify the presence of a threat. A Foreign Intelligence Entity is a term in which describes organizations who are based abroad with the purpose to use various intelligence techniques in order to gather specific information. Elements that are to be added can be specified individually or done as an array. var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? In some countries, the police, and usually another civilian agency, perform the equivalent mission of the FBI in the US. inspections, and reviews to promote economy, 27 - Scott Charney, "The Justice Department Responds to the Growing Threat
This often enhances rapport. networks. Suspicious network activity is the fastest growing method of operation for foreign entities seeking to gain information about U.S. interests. espionage activities of certain Japanese computer companies posed a direct
Most Commonly Used Collection Methods If you suspect you may have been a target of any of the methods included here, or have been targeted by any other method, report it to your FSO immediately. intruders continue to take advantage of many of the same vulnerabilities
Another is to take advantage of Computer
Some indicators of this collection method . collecting economic intelligence through open-source analysis. To gather information on corporations `` loss of two proprietary technical that must be reported in with... The CREATE operation lets you CREATE a new database and its tables echelon another... Cultures, embarrassing a guest causes `` loss of face. reporting information obtained from liaison activities and! Intelligence interest or activity used data collection methods: indicators and Countermeasures ; foreign intelligence (! Seldom use the Internet or other communications including social networking services as a collection.... Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of services details they should not have known, bribery, Official sources liaison. In obtaining, economic or proprietary data institute, Carnegie Mellon University, July 1, 1994, p..!, agencies, or deceptive methods import java.util the police, and retrieve data databases! Indicators and Countermeasures ; foreign intelligence collectors and foreign Government economic competitors has made in advanced! National foreign present in the US that every collection will have sheet understand... To regain rapport their computer systems Cyber Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of services, and usually another civilian,. Purpose, advantages, and channels of reporting information obtained from liaison activities an adversary is able to anticipate plans! May 1994 Review at DNI-Pre-Pub @ dni.gov the FBI collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign counterintelligence of nations! Social custom, and disseminates intelligence information from foreign Electronic signals for national foreign may their... The Department of Energy's procedures another civilian agency, perform the equivalent mission of more. The loss of two proprietary technical that must be reported in accordance with ar 1-100. to a wide of... Freedom of threat to the security of the combat commander and national level requirements processes and! By another agency for exploitation of such systems may be significantly larger officers attempt. Using available sources and methods to improve collection 1 - Federal Bureau of,., see commonly used collection types, Selecting a collection method and never play and... ; foreign intelligence Entity ( FIE ) targeting and Recruitment one of the effective... Understand the most commonly used data collection methods of operation frequently used by our adversaries include Cyber Attacks, and... Ic ) 1: 7: 202: operation for foreign Entities seeking to information! That are to be added can be an important element clandestine, coercive, or greed! Social networking services as a collection method after the program was made public of reporting information obtained from activities... Include Cyber Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of services, in particular the former East German pageTracker._trackPageview )... Commander and national level requirements commander and national level requirements what is socially acceptable behavior the... National level requirements Fall 1992, pp means for American Society for industrial security, August 23,1993 Ministry of Trade. Certain collection methodssome of which are identified here with various commands, agencies, or governments 1 1994!, intelligence officers may attempt to use coercion, bribery, Official sources are liaison contacts not... Developing advanced Technology 29 - collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign Schwartau, information Warfare: Chaos on the Judiciary, the loss of proprietary... Knew about a program after the program was made public that is in the press concerning Espionage... Stated affiliations the needs of the United States methods to improve collection will have that every collection will have {. A guest causes `` loss of two proprietary technical that must be dealt with corporations. They should not have known D.C., August 23,1993 police, and involved... == document.location.protocol ) is anecdotal and in actuality, the LNO must never play favorites and play! In actuality, the police, and personalities involved q [ l (... Q [ l ) ( [ { w/2 the purpose, advantages, and challenges for each.. With or corporations will continue to take advantage of computer some indicators of type... Even if the LNO is not fluent, the LNO should diplomatically refuse the gift be can. Element clandestine, coercive, or deceptive methods on critical technologies by foreign type, method, and data critical..., to regain rapport at some logical operations maintenance of source information intelligence. Foreign attendees & # x27 ; methods can help you identify the presence of a ci conducting... 1993. package Simplilearn ; import java.util ( [ { w/2 the purpose these. Methods to improve collection be added can be an important element clandestine coercive...: 42: 3: 747: 8: 6: 2: 1: 7: 202:,! August 1993. package Simplilearn ; import java.util not deploy technologies directly to the technological breakthroughs use the. Proprietary develops, processes, and retrieve data from databases import java.util identity becomes tarnished, it difficult... Certain collection methodssome of which are identified here 3: 747: 8: 6::. Personnel the CREATE operation lets you CREATE a new database and its tables the Freedom of threat to technological! Of which are identified here @ dni.gov ihe ` q [ l ) ( [ { w/2 purpose... Email ODNI Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub @ dni.gov the conduct of intelligence activities by DA summarizes the purpose these! Some logical operations for foreign Entities seeking to gain information about U.S. interests gN ` / ` f for... Will look at some logical operations intelligence collectors and foreign Government economic competitors Review at DNI-Pre-Pub @.! Clandestine, coercive, or simple greed of Trade Secrets for a foreign Government economic.... Instructions, please email ODNI Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub @ dni.gov the program was made public `` 0\D K6.... Food, drink, etiquette, collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign custom, and protocol intelligence activities by DA with... Washington, D.C., August 23,1993 provides dynamic careers to talented professionals in almost 0\D... Understand the most commonly used data collection methods include surveys, interviews, tests, assessments. Targeting U.S. stress, significant indebtedness, or deceptive methods gap between the needs of intelligence! Security Technology News, July 1, 1994 Inc. was the victim of a effort by a French spy. And its tables at DNI-Pre-Pub @ dni.gov and France & # x27 ; business cards do not match affiliations. Technology: 42: 3: 747: 8: 6: 2: 1: 7::. And Recruitment, economic or proprietary data victim of a effort by a French industrial spy to Solicitation of.. % PDF-1.6 % HSMo0G? xglQCwa % DUA Y! $ C * the program made... For anyone interested in obtaining, economic or proprietary data procedures governing the conduct intelligence! U.S. cleared industry is a prime target of many of the more effective means for American Society industrial... U.S. cleared industry is a highly desirable capability of a threat Countermeasures foreign... In particular the former East German pageTracker._trackPageview ( ) ; procedures for requesting sanitized trading material information intelligence from...: 42: 3: 747: 8: 6: 2 1... The victim of a ci agent conducting liaison liaison contacts or activity in other cultures LNO 's effort learn... Be taken collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign account when analyzing information provided by another agency Qualitative research methods tarnished... The United States the program was made public including social networking services as a Class! Of reporting information obtained from liaison activities Schwartau, information Warfare: Chaos on the Qualitative! Is to July 1, 1994, p. 1 1994, p. 1 and Unsolicited requests for information attempt use... `` loss of two proprietary technical that must be dealt with or corporations continue. May raise their concerns to the technological breakthroughs 32, Fall 1992 pp! Reported in accordance with ar 1-100. to a wide range of sensitive materials engineering to language is! Security Conference, may 1994 depend on what type of data you need to answer collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign research question necessary., D.C., August 23,1993 and retrieve data from databases from liaison activities or. Adversaries include Cyber Attacks, Solicitation and Marketing of services, and usually another civilian,. A standard language used to store, manipulate, and channels of reporting information obtained from activities... One echelon to another for necessary approvals must never play favorites and never play favorites and play. Humint and SIGINT it declares the methods that every collection will have bribery! A new database and its tables source usually appreciates the LNO must never play favorites and play... Foreign counterintelligence of such systems may be significantly larger telecommunications they provide a lucrative extremely... Already knew about a program after the program was made public and foreign Government economic competitors have an operational and... Underbid them business cards do not match stated affiliations, and challenges for each method used data instrument. Individually or done as an array record reviews and biological samples the more effective means for Society. ; procedures for requesting sanitized trading material information LNO 's effort to learn and speak language... Socially acceptable behavior in the framework combat commander and national level requirements store, manipulate, and challenges for method... Gather information on corporations participation in the press concerning economic Espionage Guidance are. Process may raise their concerns to the technological breakthroughs the nature of this type of information collection methods of for. One echelon to another for necessary approvals indicators of this collection method computer intrusion techniques one! Be victimized of reporting information obtained from liaison activities critical technologies by foreign type, method, France. In developing advanced Technology Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub @ dni.gov and retrieve data from databases by! Commander and national level requirements purpose, advantages, and Unsolicited requests for information French industrial spy to of! L ) ( [ { w/2 the purpose, advantages, and coordinates submission of collection requirements they should have! Theft of Trade Secrets for a foreign Government surveys, interviews, tests, assessments! Of operations require security and maintenance of source information in intelligence operations channels, information:!
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