Philippe Sandss remarkable 2016 book, East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, weaves together the history of his family and that of two concepts central to his chosen profession as an international human-rights lawyer. . Unusually for a barrister, he declined some cases those of the former Chilean leader Augusto Pinochet and Saddam Hussein because of the strongly felt advice of his American wife, Natalia Schiffrin, also a lawyer, with whom he has three children. And he regrets that he has to decline most of the speaking invitations he receivesabout 10 per week. Wolff, who spent a year in Germany researching his family history, is best known as a longtime writer for Sports Illustrated. The group, which differed ideologically, professionally and geographically, something Sands emphasizes, met once a month on Zoom for three hours at a time and more often in smaller working groups. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Cond Nast. Theres not much dispute anymore: torture happened, and the law is cleartorture must be punished., Meanwhile, Sands reiterated a warning that he made in his book. But Sands and Clapham didnt just write that universal jurisdiction is allowable. Two leading American environmental lawyers, Wendy Dinner and Durwood Zaelke, were in the audience at one of Sands lectures in Washington, D.C. Using the word duty, they set forth the idea that governments must enforce international criminal law. But, Sands still had a burning desire to know how lawyers like him could so easily subvert the rule of law they swore an oath to uphold. But what made her agree? Huge row, Sands said about it. WebPhilippe Sandss remarkable 2016 book, East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, weaves together the history of his family and that of two concepts central to his chosen profession as an international human-rights lawyer. Because of their work, crimes against humanity and genocide were written into the fabric of the Nuremberg tribunal and now form the foundation of modern international criminal law. He was 78. WebPhilippe Sandss remarkable 2016 book, East West Street: On the Origins of Genocide and Crimes Against Humanity, weaves together the history of his family and that of two concepts central to his chosen profession as an international human-rights lawyer. And, in particular, the catalyst was questions that I had about my own identity. By learning more about his grandfather and family, he said, he would come to know more about himself. But his grandfather never spoke about his life before 1945, and Sands and his brother Marc knew not to ask any questions. Enter your new information and click on Save My Changes. Conscious of this, Sands knows he must deliver. Outside, the night had turned cold giving the air inside the spacious hall a chill. The latter sections of the book involve an apparent digression on account of the authors research: Sands, seeking to ascertain whether Otto von Wchter died of natural causes or, as had been bruited, was murdered, ultimately brings to light unsettling details about the Ratline in his title. Sands and his colleagues recognized the injustice at the heart of those issues: industrialized countries amassed their wealth in part through unrestrained pollution into the global commons while small nations that contributed little to the problems faced the worst effects. In 2019, decrying the alleged mass murder, forced deportation and rape of Myanmars Rohingya Muslims by the countrys military before the International Court of Justice, he denounced the nations then-leader, the Nobel Peace Prize laureate Daw Aung San Suu Kyi to her face: We heard much from Myanmars Agent about the vital importance of domestic accountability, but not a wordnot a wordabout the women and the girls of her country, Myanmar, who have been subjected to these awful serial violations. They used the power of their ideas to change the world., When he settled into his seat on the 2:22 p.m. Eurostar train from Brussels to Amsterdam the day after his two whirlwind ecocide lectures, Sands welcomed the opportunity to relax. I spent two years trekking around the country, finding out that they were manifestly untruthful, Sands said. The results left the world doubtful that governmental negotiations alone can end the crisis. Philippe Sands relates the wider tragedy of the scandal with nerve and precision. WebPhilippe Joseph Sands, KC (born 17 October 1960) is a British and French writer and lawyer at 11 King's Bench Walk and Professor of Laws and Director of the Centre on International Courts and Tribunals at University College London. Enrollment in the humanities is in free fall at colleges around the country. Philippe, if you do, Sands recalls her saying, I will divorce you! (She is American, and the daughter of the book publisher Andr Schiffrin, a founder of Students for a Democratic Society.) The absence of that knowledge is a source of insecurity, and Ive come to realize that.. The International Criminal Court has for years wrestled with shortcomings, having too much on its plate to effectively execute its mandate. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. . Tom Stoppard Geoffrey Argent/Art Resource, New York City/National Portrait Gallery, London, Rather like Alexander Wolffs father, Niko, Bobby long remained quiet about her early life and its terrible losses (her parents, three of her siblings, and many relatives died in the camps). So he started cold-calling administration lawyers and pouring over official documents like Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfelds notorious Action Memo, which aimed to legitimize extreme interrogation measures like waterboarding, sleep deprivation and mental and physical torment. WebSands was born in London on 17 October 1960 to Jewish parents. He asked himself why he had not thought or written about this, why he had not faced up to it. Until the onset of the war, the children spent summers with Kurt and Helen on the Cte dAzur, but their narratives then diverged sharply. But that all changed in April 1986 when a nuclear power plant melted down in the Soviet Union. Sands work on Chernobyl turned into his first book, which led to speaking invitations. Protection of the environment is an end in and of itself.. Schiffrin died on December 1, 2013 in Paris from pancreatic cancer . Mountains in the Snow, by Erich Heckel akg-images/Artists Rights Society, New York City. Jeune enfant, il doit partir en 1941 5 New York avec sa famille pour The moderator and Sands take their place at the center of the hall, which has a high ceiling and two floors of galleries along three of the four walls. On the way, they trade gossip about Belgian and international politics. (44) 20 7404 3448 p.sands@ucl.ac.uk philippesands@matrixlaw.co.uk The Wolffs established themselves in the United States and, in time, proved indispensable in introducing European writers to an American audiencenot only those whom Wolff had published in Germany and the French writers brought in by Schiffrin pre, such as Andr Gide, Albert Camus, Paul Claudel, and Charles Pguy, but also writers of younger generations, among them Boris Pasternak, Gnter Grass, and Umberto Eco. But a reporter discovered that behind the faade of innovation were lies and links to Russian intelligence. Dignitaries included His Excellency the Austrian Ambassador Michael Zimmermann and Head of the Cultural section at the German embassy Dr. Ralf Teepe. Their views changed in June, Cogolati explains, when a drafting panel co-chaired by Sands released its proposed definition for the crime, giving the movement legal legitimacy: ecocide is unlawful or wanton acts committed with knowledge that there is a substantial likelihood of severe and either widespread or long-term damage to the environment being caused by those acts. Subscribers can find additional help here. As much as he is part of the establishment, the Cambridge-educated Sands has a reputation as a rebel, never missing an opportunity to criticize those same elites. What was the other side of the story? TV Shows. Fueled by youthful optimism and drinks at the Tabard Inn bar, the foursome launched the Center For International Environmental Law with the aim of pushing the equitable development of international environmental law. Its not quite what your parents expected.. Mr. Sands, 55, grew up in North London, of modest means, the son of an English dentist and his French mother, Ruth. You could feel the axis of law shift, Sands said. Schiffrin, who died of pancreatic cancer, was the son of a distinguished European literary publisher. Guests at the blue plaque ceremony included Milein and Hans niece Ena Blyth, as well as current owners of the home, Philippe Sands and Natalia Schiffrin. He decides to walk the mile or so there under a gray November sky. Like Sands, Alexander Wolff is keen, after a generation of silence, to follow the untold stories wherever they might lead. Until this is sorted out, they are in their own legal black hole.. My generation have fucked it up, he said. Sands wife, Natalia Schiffrin, is the daughter of the late, renowned publisher Andr Schiffrin, and a well regarded attorney and magistrate in her own right. Three years after Torture Team was published, he received an invitation that, unbeknowst to him at the time, would again change the trajectory of his career. He removes his watch and lays it next to a thin packet of talking points, which he rarely checks. Schiffrin died on December 1, 2013 in Paris from pancreatic cancer . Sands spends the rest of the train ride answering emails by jabbing his keyboard with his right index finger. My view of international law is one step forward, one step sideways. They also attended the university where Sands was invited to speak. Ive got a particular bugbear about lawyers, he added. Putting the human at the center of everything has got us into a terrible mess., He pauses, then adds: You have to ask people, do you want to be one of the naysayers like in 1945? When U.S. troops invaded Iraq in March 2003, Sands was outraged and deeply concerned about what he saw as a manifest violation of international law. He wanted to understand, as he put it: Howa country as profoundly attached to the rule of law and principles of constitutionality as the United States could have so little regard for international law?. From 2018 to 2019, Sands represented Mauritius before the International Court of Justice. Dont miss a beat. The coalition of vulnerable countries has since become known as the conscience of climate change negotiations for their role in consistently pushing for strong emission reductions and equitable financing for the most affected nations. When Cogolati makes a remark suggesting the crime of ecocide should apply to corporate entities along with individuals, Sands starts fidgeting with his pen until he has an opening to jump in. Its not that he was opposed to the idea, but his innate conservatism as a legal tactician made him wonder whether the timing was right. They lived in it from the mid-1950s to the late-1960s. Philippe Sands relates the wider tragedy of the scandal with nerve and precision. Guests at the ceremony included Milein and Hans niece Ena Blyth, as well as current owners of the home, Philippe Sands and Natalia Schiffrin. His book showed me who the targets were. Feith, reached on the phone, called Sandss book wildly inaccurate. He said, Its not a happy thing for the Spanish Court to think of prosecuting Americans for advice they gave to the President of the United States!, It is hard to predict what will happen next, but, if arrest warrants are issued, the Obama Administration may be forced either to extradite the former officials or to start its own investigation. In the course of his research, Sands came to know Niklas Frank, son of the notorious Hans Frank, the Nazi governor-general of the occupied Polish territorieswhich included Galicia, and hence the city of Lwwwho was directly responsible for the slaughter of millions of people. Covid numbers in the region have been surging and his audience will be mostly virtual. Want to change your email address or password? Alexanders father and grandfather were reunited in the United States after the warKurt helped Niko get into a chemistry graduate program at Princeton, thus enabling his emigration from Germanybut the chasm between their experiences was lasting. Toting a black messenger bag stuffed with a laptop, iPad and papers, Sands walks for about 30 minutes to a building in the quiet business district. The forced relocation was, in part, to make way for the U.S. military base Diego Garcia. Courtesy Greenhut Galleries, Portland, Maine Like William Faulkners Yoknapatawpha County or Marilynne Robinsons Gilead, Paul Hardings imaginary New England. Philippe Sands Nonetheless, Horst maintains his fathers innocence. WebAndr Schiffrin est le fils de Jacques Schiffrin fondateur de la Pliade, le neveu du producteur de cinma Simon Schiffrin et un cousin loign de Lalo Schifrin. Tonight he is appearing as Sands, the author. We must sever the connection between international criminal law and an anthropocentric approach, he says, referencing the work of American legal scholar Christopher Stone, whose 1972 law review article, Should Trees Have Standing, has long been a touchstone for Sands. In the last time frame, we encounter Leonard Chamberlain, a stand-in for Stoppard: a rather smug, unthinking young Englishman of twenty-five, in Vienna for a literary festival. reproached himself for having trotted out his line so often. Afterwards, the couple walked to the bottom of a marble staircase to discuss their future. But, he argues, law does change consciousness. Sands tells the story of those three men in his accalimed 2016 book East West Street, including how Lauterpacht and Lemkin fought against all odds, and in two very different ways, to bring to life the idea that sovereignty can no longer be a shield that prevents mass murderers from accountability. Menu. The two men were tasked with drafting the treatys 300-word preamble, within which they ambitiously included 20 words that would come to mark a milestone toward ending impunity for the powerful: Recalling that it is the duty of every State to exercise its criminal jurisdiction over those responsible for international crimes. Otto von Wchter was involved in the Austrian Nazi movement from its earliest days, having participated in the July Putsch of 1934 that led to the assassination of Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss of Austria. Behind him is a large bright projection screen with the word ecocide written in cursive and the crimes French definition below it. He showed me photographs from his recent Mauritius trip, one of which is Elys sitting on a couch in her living room. Their timing and instincts couldnt have been better. When the day came to hear the opinion read aloud in open court, Sands felt as he always does on the cusp of a decision: anxious and prepared for the worst. All strands of that thought-provoking exploration run through the city now known as Lviv (formerly Lemberg and Lww), where Sandss Jewish forebears lived and were massacred during the Second World War, and where the two lawyers who conceived of the terms genocide and crimes against humanity were originally educated. That advocating for an ecocide crime is the next step in Sands long and capacious career says something both about who he is and about the peril of the moment we are living in. He feels most himself when he is batting around ideas with others. Sands is widely seen as the ideal spokesman for the cause because of his legal bona fides, his charisma and his fire for justice. His perfect Queens English unfurls with a distinct clarity as he explains how environmental concerns began to creep into the global legal order beginning in the 1970s thanks in large measure to the Vietnam War and the United States widespread and long term use of highly toxic defoliants. Framework Convention on Climate Changes political process and its ability to meaningfully curb dangerous emissions. Charm. Before joining ICN, she practiced law, specializing in commercial litigation. Philippe Sands in Edinburgh. In two weeks, Belgiums lawmakers would pass a resolution supporting both domestic and international ecocide legislation. WebSchiffrin's daughter, journalist Anya Schiffrin, is married to the economist and Nobel Prize winner Joseph Stiglitz. A weekly email taking aim at the relentless absurdity of the 24-hour news cycle. WebPhilippe Sands is known for What Our Fathers Did: A Nazi Legacy (2015), Independent Lens (1999) and We Are Many (2014). . Then, in the lead up to the 1998 conference in Rome that established the International Criminal Court, there was more discussion about a fifth crime of ecocide, but a number of countries thought the time wasnt right. In 2019, while trekking across the Alps with his youngest daughter, Sands saw firsthand the lifeless plots of land where glaciers had once stood. Lee describes an early spoof documentary, Tom Stoppard Doesnt Know: Since Stoppard cant make his mind up about anything, he puts two of himself on a discussion panel, arguing for and against boycotting (I find myself in cautious agreement with two opposite views), for and against theatre as social responsibility. Every day or once a week, our original stories and digest of the webs top headlines deliver the full story, for free. Alexander recalls Niko as a pragmatic, rule-abiding father with a taste for high culture and DIY, who left his own past unexcavated. Or, as he puts it more tenderly elsewhere in the book, With us he was scrupulous about sharing only the beauty.. Suddenly Im thrust into this world, and I think that upped the ante, Mr. Sands said. The countrys legislature is on the cusp of voting on domestic ecocide legislation and deciding whether to back the international effort. 2023 Cond Nast. Meanwhile, Kurts son NikoAlexanders fatherwas conscripted after high school into the Reich Labor Service and dispatched to Austria. (44) 20 7679 4758 Tel. In Lviv, he embarked on a journey of both familial and self-discovery. About a year ago, a book came out in England that made a fascinating prediction: at some point in the future, the author wrote, six top officials in the Bush Administration would get a tap on the shoulder announcing that they were being arrested on international charges of torture. To that end, the definition includes a balancing test between social and economic benefit, on one side, and environmental harms, on the other. The experience reified the idea of environmental destruction, and what it will mean for his children and future generations absent a change in course. A Long-Sought Loss and Damage Deal Was Finalized at COP27. The group, acting pro bono with the backing of the Ford Foundation, approached small low lying island nations and convinced them to band together, using CIEL as their legal representation. WebPhilippe Joseph Sands, KC (born 17 October 1960) is a British and French writer and lawyer at 11 King's Bench Walk and Professor of Laws and Director of the Centre on International Courts and Tribunals at University College London. At Nuremberg, Frank was charged with crimes against humanity and genocide. I just want to be treated as Sands. (44) 20 7387 9597 Fax. But at this moment, he is in the flow. Sands is a professor of law at the University College London. Sands is given a generous introduction, though most people in the room already know who he is. A little group of countries had basically changed the world.. He wants to build things and is interested in real change. Movies. Having finished his first ecocide talk of the evening, Sands and Cogolati walk five minutes to where Sands will deliver his next lecture, which was organized by one of his former students at the Universit Saint-Louis. The case gave the then 42-year old lawyer a close look at how the U.S. government was cutting legal and ethical corners, if not outright breaking them. Still, powerful fossil fuel lobbyists and a group of oil producing nations chipped away at the draft. His casual black jacket, navy blue scarf and black boots give him the appearance of a relaxed college professor. . A coalition of small island states in the Pacific asked Sands and his colleague, Andrew Clapham, to represent them at the conference. BRUSSELSPhilippe Sands steps off his train at Brussels Midi station and sees a familiar face amidst a flurry of passengers. Dignitaries included His Excellency the Austrian Ambassador Michael Zimmermann and Head of the Cultural section at the German embassy Dr. Ralf Teepe. This narrative had become part of his performance. None of the international crimes as such focus on the environment, because of course in 1945 the environment wasnt part of the international legal order or part of political consciousness., His virtual audience is composed of labor and workers rights representatives, one of many groups Stop Ecocide International is looking to for political support. Forced to flee Germany in 1933 due to his degenerate publishing business and his Jewish heritage, Kurt Wolff left behind two children from his first marriage, Maria and Niko, who lived with their mother and her new husband. Sands declined the case. [whose] mother didnt want him to remember the past, she wanted him to be an assimilated English boy. In the course of this evening, Chamberlain must confront the fact that. When asked why he does it, Sands response is straight forward: his three children. We deliver climate news to your inbox like nobody else. This is no joke. Born Tom Strussler in Zln, Czechoslovakia, in 1937, the younger of two sons of Jewish parents, Eugen and Marta, Stoppard was repeatedly saved from disaster by fate. Since the overnight success of Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead in 1967, Stoppard has been considered, along with Harold Pinter, one of the two greatest British playwrights of the late twentieth century. Its rare that he has time alone. Unlike the younger Frank, the younger von Wchter is a lifelong apologist: I know the system was criminal, that my father was part of it, but I dont think of him as a criminal.. Why did he never go into such things? Along with his wife, Charlotte, and a growing brood of children (eventually six), he was close to Hitlers inner circle. This is a moment and you want to be on the right side of history.. Mr. Sands is hardly that, and with this book, he has found a wider audience. He recalled, I could spot right away that they were speaking as advocates of a cause. Could I just play devils advocate for one last second, he says, holding up his left hand. Soon, the International Court of Justice received an increase of cases with environmental issues, building up a body of law that Sands would later draw from in his work on ecocide. Sands, a dark-haired, 61-year-old with a salt and pepper beard, high forehead and gray-green eyes, has come to speak about his latest book, The Ratline, and to give two lectures on what he hopes will become the first international crime since 1945: ecocide. He has faced off against his own government more than once and was one of the first voices to condemn the 2003 U.S. invasion of Iraq and the United Kingdoms support of the warthat didnt go over well with his then-law partner, Cherie Booth, Tony Blairs spouse. I wonder if that name was chosen and imposed by my mother to mask history, he said. 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